
Clinical Resources
Explore the most up-to-date clinical guidelines, tools, courses, and more.
Resources
By Disease
Find clinical resources and information for common movement disorders:
Clinical Tools
Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews
Review the latest recommendations from MDS's Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews, which use a rigorous methodological approach to outline treatment options.
Education
Courses for Clinicians
Browse live, in-person and on-demand courses tailored to clinicial care.
 
Journal CME 40.10: Protective Effects of Genetic Proxies of Cognitive Reserve in Parkinson’s Disease: A Longitudinal Multi-Cohort Study
							On Demand
						
60 Minutes
Experienced / Intermediate
1046 <p>The Journal CME 40.10 article aims to evaluate the utility of polygenic scores (PGSs) for cognitive reserve proxies, including intelligence (INT), educational attainment (EA), and occupational attainment (OA), in predicting the clinical progression of PD.</p> Anxiety/Depression, Autonomic Dysfunction, Cognitive impairment/Dementia, Etiology & Pathophysiology, Genetics, Impulse Control Disorders, Neuropsychiatric symptoms, Non-motor Symptoms/Disorders, Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Psychosis, Sensory disorders, Sleep Disorders, Speech Disorders Young Eun Huh, MD, PhD 60 1.00 https://education.movementdisorders.org/Detail/1046/Journal-CME-40-10:-Protective-Effects-of-Genetic-Proxies-of-Cognitive-Reserve-in-Parkinson’s-Disease:-A-Longitudinal-Multi-Cohort-Study https://education.movementdisorders.org/Upload/ActivityImages/Journal-CME562837664663.jpg 2025-10-06T00:00:00 2026-10-06T00:00:00 <p><strong>ACCREDITATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME). The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CREDIT DESIGNATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society designates this activity for a maximum of 1 <em>AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™</em>. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>FACULTY DISCLOSURE</strong></p><p>All individuals in control of content for this activity are required to disclose all financial relationships with ineligible companies (as defined by the ACCME) over the last 24 months. Disclosure information is available <a href="https://d1t84l7yt030ad.cloudfront.net/FroalaFiles/Journal%20CME%2040.10%20-%20Disclosures_01102025093927.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><u>HERE</u></a>. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated in advance of this program.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>METHOD OF PARTICIPATION</strong></p><p>Each module will take approximately one (1) hour to complete. Upon reading the article, participants will take a post-test and must receive a grade of 75% or higher to pass. Participants are allowed multiple attempts to complete the post-test. Once the post-test is passed, participants are required to complete the module evaluation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>SATISFACTORY COMPLETION</strong></p><p>Participants must complete an evaluation for each session they attend to receive continuing medical education credit. Your chosen session(s) must be attended in their entirety. Partial credit for individual sessions is not available.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CONTENT VALIDITY STATEMENT</strong></p><p>All recommendations involving clinical medicine in MDS activities are based on evidence that is accepted within the profession of medicine as adequate justification for their indications and contraindications in the case of patients. All scientific research referred to, reported or used in CME in support or justification of a patient care recommendations conforms to the generally accepted standards of experimental design, data collection and analysis. Activities that promote recommendations, treatment or manners of practicing medicine not within the definition of CME or are knowing to have risks or dangers that outweigh the benefits or are knowing to be ineffective in the treatment of patients do not constitute valid CME.</p> MDS Education <p><strong>COURSE PURPOSE</strong></p><p>Journal CME highlights various articles covering relevant issues, developments and research topics in the area of movement disorders. Articles are selected from Movement Disorders, the official Journal of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>LEARNING OBJECTIVES</strong></p><p>Upon completion of this activity, learners will be able to:</p><p>1. Understand the role of cognitive reserve and its genetic proxies in influencing the progression of Parkinson’s disease</p><p>2. Assess the predictive value of polygenic scores for intelligence, educational attainment, and occupational attainment in clinical outcomes of PD</p><p>3. Evaluate how genetic markers of cognitive reserve can inform prognosis and contribute to personalized management strategies in PD</p><p><br></p><p><strong>INTENDED AUDIENCE</strong></p><p>This activity is intended for clinicians, other health professionals, researchers, policy makers from throughout the world, both MDS members and non-members, who interact with patients living with Movement Disorders.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS</strong></p><p>1. Active Internet connection (DSL or Cable). Dial-up connection will have constant buffering problem.</p><p>2. Compatible with Windows PC and MAC (256 MB of RAM or higher).</p><p>3. Activity is best viewed on Internet Explorer 9.0 or higher, Safari 5.0 or higher and Firefox 29.0 or higher.</p><p>4. Adobe Flash Player 12.0 (or higher).</p><p>5. Adobe Reader to print certificate.</p> 0 /Courses/Journal-CME-40.10-Protective-Effects-of-Genetic-Proxies-of-Cognitive-Reserve-in-Parkinsons-Disease-A-Longitudinal-Multi-Cohort-Study.htm Journal CME 40.10: Protective Effects of Genetic Proxies of Cognitive Reserve in Parkinson’s Disease: A Longitudinal Multi-Cohort Study Journal CME 40.10 2025-10-06T18:01:04.397 0 0 Experienced / Intermediate Etiology & Pathophysiology Non-motor Symptoms/Disorders Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders On-Demand 
Journal CME 40.09: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in an International Cohort of Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF1R)-Related Disorder
							On Demand
						
60 Minutes
Foundational / Beginner
1044 <p>The Journal CME 40.09 article reports multicenter clinical (Expanded Disability Scoring Scale [EDSS]), neurocognitive), neuroimaging (Sundal score), and biological (neurofilament light chain [NfL]) outcomes after HSCT in CSF1R-RD.</p> Genetic & Hereditary Disorders, Infusion therapy, Other Movement Disorders, Therapies-Surgical Hemmo A.F. Yska, MD 60 1.00 https://education.movementdisorders.org/Detail/1044/Journal-CME-40-09:-Hematopoietic-Stem-Cell-Transplantation-in-an-International-Cohort-of-Colony-Stimulating-Factor-1-Receptor-(CSF1R)-Related-Disorder https://education.movementdisorders.org/Upload/ActivityImages/Journal-CME562837664663.jpg 2025-09-24T00:00:00 2026-09-24T00:00:00 <p><strong>ACCREDITATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME). The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CREDIT DESIGNATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society designates this activity for a maximum of 1 <em>AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™</em>. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>FACULTY DISCLOSURE</strong></p><p>All individuals in control of content for this activity are required to disclose all financial relationships with ineligible companies (as defined by the ACCME) over the last 24 months. Disclosure information is available <a href="https://d1t84l7yt030ad.cloudfront.net/FroalaFiles/Journal%20CME%2040.09%20-%20Disclosures_16092025021345.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">HERE</a>. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated in advance of this program.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>METHOD OF PARTICIPATION</strong></p><p>Each module will take approximately one (1) hour to complete. Upon reading the article, participants will take a post-test and must receive a grade of 75% or higher to pass. Participants are allowed multiple attempts to complete the post-test. Once the post-test is passed, participants are required to complete the module evaluation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>SATISFACTORY COMPLETION</strong></p><p>Participants must complete an evaluation for each session they attend to receive continuing medical education credit. Your chosen session(s) must be attended in their entirety. Partial credit for individual sessions is not available.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CONTENT VALIDITY STATEMENT</strong></p><p>All recommendations involving clinical medicine in MDS activities are based on evidence that is accepted within the profession of medicine as adequate justification for their indications and contraindications in the case of patients. All scientific research referred to, reported or used in CME in support or justification of a patient care recommendations conforms to the generally accepted standards of experimental design, data collection and analysis. Activities that promote recommendations, treatment or manners of practicing medicine not within the definition of CME or are knowing to have risks or dangers that outweigh the benefits or are knowing to be ineffective in the treatment of patients do not constitute valid CME.</p> MDS Education <p><strong>COURSE PURPOSE</strong></p><p>Journal CME highlights various articles covering relevant issues, developments and research topics in the area of movement disorders. Articles are selected from Movement Disorders, the official Journal of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>LEARNING OBJECTIVES</strong></p><p>Upon completion of this activity, learners will be able to:</p><p>1. Understand the clinical rationale and early outcomes of HSCT in CSF1R-RD patients</p><p>2. Assess the significance of neuroimaging and biomarker changes post-HSCT</p><p>3. Evaluate the potential benefits and limitations of reduced-intensity conditioning in CSF1R-RD treatment</p><p><br></p><p><strong>INTENDED AUDIENCE</strong></p><p>This activity is intended for clinicians, other health professionals, researchers, policy makers from throughout the world, both MDS members and non-members, who interact with patients living with Movement Disorders.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS</strong></p><p>1. Active Internet connection (DSL or Cable). Dial-up connection will have constant buffering problem.</p><p>2. Compatible with Windows PC and MAC (256 MB of RAM or higher).</p><p>3. Activity is best viewed on Internet Explorer 9.0 or higher, Safari 5.0 or higher and Firefox 29.0 or higher.</p><p>4. Adobe Flash Player 12.0 (or higher).</p><p>5. Adobe Reader to print certificate.</p> 0 /Courses/Journal-CME-40.09-Hematopoietic-Stem-Cell-Transplantation-in-an-International-Cohort-of-Colony-Stimulating-Factor-1-Receptor-CSF1R-Related-Disorder.htm Journal CME 40.09: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in an International Cohort of Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF1R)-Related Disorder Journal CME 40.09 2025-09-24T09:01:10.523 0 0 Foundational / Beginner Other Movement Disorders Therapies-Surgical On-Demand 
Journal CME 40.08:Cholinergic System Changes in Dopa-Unresponsive Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
							On Demand
						
60 Minutes
Foundational / Beginner
1029 <p>The Journal CME 40.08 article aims to investigate whether specific cholinergic system changes are associated with FoG responsiveness to levodopa treatment in PD patients.</p> Basic/Translational Neuroscience, Dopaminergic medications, Etiology & Pathophysiology, Medications for motor complications, Medications for motor symptoms, Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Therapies-Pharmacological Kelvin L. Chou, MD 60 1.00 https://education.movementdisorders.org/Detail/1029/Journal-CME-40-08:Cholinergic-System-Changes-in-Dopa-Unresponsive-Freezing-of-Gait-in-Parkinson’s-Disease https://education.movementdisorders.org/Upload/ActivityImages/Journal-CME562837664663.jpg 2025-09-24T00:00:00 2026-09-24T00:00:00 <p><strong>ACCREDITATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME). The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CREDIT DESIGNATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society designates this activity for a maximum of 1 <em>AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™</em>. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>FACULTY DISCLOSURE</strong></p><p>All individuals in control of content for this activity are required to disclose all financial relationships with ineligible companies (as defined by the ACCME) over the last 24 months. Disclosure information is available <a href="https://d1t84l7yt030ad.cloudfront.net/FroalaFiles/Journal%20CME%2040.08%20-%20Disclosure%20Template_22082025020404.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">HERE</a>. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated in advance of this program.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>METHOD OF PARTICIPATION</strong></p><p>Each module will take approximately one (1) hour to complete. Upon reading the article, participants will take a post-test and must receive a grade of 75% or higher to pass. Participants are allowed multiple attempts to complete the post-test. Once the post-test is passed, participants are required to complete the module evaluation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>SATISFACTORY COMPLETION</strong></p><p>Participants must complete an evaluation for each session they attend to receive continuing medical education credit. Your chosen session(s) must be attended in their entirety. Partial credit for individual sessions is not available.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CONTENT VALIDITY STATEMENT</strong></p><p>All recommendations involving clinical medicine in MDS activities are based on evidence that is accepted within the profession of medicine as adequate justification for their indications and contraindications in the case of patients. All scientific research referred to, reported or used in CME in support or justification of a patient care recommendations conforms to the generally accepted standards of experimental design, data collection and analysis. Activities that promote recommendations, treatment or manners of practicing medicine not within the definition of CME or are knowing to have risks or dangers that outweigh the benefits or are knowing to be ineffective in the treatment of patients do not constitute valid CME.</p> MDS Education <p><strong>COURSE PURPOSE</strong></p><p>Journal CME highlights various articles covering relevant issues, developments and research topics in the area of movement disorders. Articles are selected from Movement Disorders, the official Journal of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>LEARNING OBJECTIVES</strong></p><p>Upon completion of this activity, learners will be able to:</p><p>1. Understand the role of cholinergic system degeneration in the development and progression of freezing of gait (FoG) in PD</p><p>2. Evaluate the differences in brain cholinergic activity between patients with levodopa-responsive and levodopa-unresponsive FoG based on VAChT PET imaging findings</p><p>3. Assess how extra-striatal cholinergic deficits may contribute to resistance to levodopa treatment in FoG</p><p><br></p><p><strong>INTENDED AUDIENCE</strong></p><p>This activity is intended for clinicians, other health professionals, researchers, policy makers from throughout the world, both MDS members and non-members, who interact with patients living with Movement Disorders.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS</strong></p><p>1. Active Internet connection (DSL or Cable). Dial-up connection will have constant buffering problem.</p><p>2. Compatible with Windows PC and MAC (256 MB of RAM or higher).</p><p>3. Activity is best viewed on Internet Explorer 9.0 or higher, Safari 5.0 or higher and Firefox 29.0 or higher.</p><p>4. Adobe Flash Player 12.0 (or higher).</p><p>5. Adobe Reader to print certificate.</p> 0 /Courses/Journal-CME-40.08Cholinergic-System-Changes-in-Dopa-Unresponsive-Freezing-of-Gait-in-Parkinsons-Disease.htm Journal CME 40.08:Cholinergic System Changes in Dopa-Unresponsive Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Journal CME 40.08 2025-09-24T09:01:02.210 0 0 Foundational / Beginner Etiology & Pathophysiology Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders Therapies-Pharmacological On-Demand 
Essentials of Device-Assisted Therapies in Parkinson's Disease: Programming a patient with DBS - Conventional STN and GPI, Neurophysiology guided, and Imaging guided programming
							On Demand
						
30 Minutes
Foundational / Beginner
1038 <p>This module will cover programming a patient with DBS from fundamental principles to patient-specific considerations and safety precautions, troubleshooting strategies and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. </p> Deep brain stimulation, Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Therapies-Surgical Drew Kern, MD, MS 30 0.50 https://education.movementdisorders.org/Detail/1038/Essentials-of-Device-Assisted-Therapies-in-Parkinson's-Disease:-Programming-a-patient-with-DBS---Conventional-STN-and-GPI,-Neurophysiology-guided,-and-Imaging-guided-programming-- https://education.movementdisorders.org/Upload/ActivityImages/10766771.jpg 2025-09-18T00:00:00 2028-09-18T00:00:00 <p><strong>ACCREDITATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME). The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CREDIT DESIGNATION STATEMENT</strong></p><p>The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society designates this activity for a maximum of 0.5 <em>AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™</em>. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>FACULTY DISCLOSURE</strong></p><p>All individuals in control of content for this activity are required to disclose all financial relationships with ineligible companies (as defined by the ACCME) over the last 24 months. Disclosure information is available <a href="https://d1t84l7yt030ad.cloudfront.net/FroalaFiles/DAT%20Module%2010%20-%20Disclosures_12092025033214.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">HERE</a>. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated in advance of this program.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>SATISFACTORY COMPLETION</strong></p><p>Participants must complete an evaluation for each session they attend to receive continuing medical education credit. Your chosen session(s) must be attended in their entirety. Partial credit for individual sessions is not available.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>METHOD OF PARTICIPATION </strong></p><p>Your chosen sessions must be attended in their entirety. Partial credit of individual sessions is not available. If you are seeking continuing education credit for a specialty not listed in the Accreditation Statement, it is your responsibility to contact your licensing/certification board to determine course eligibility for your board requirement.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>CONTENT VALIDITY STATEMENT</strong></p><p>All recommendations involving clinical medicine in MDS activities are based on evidence that is accepted within the profession of medicine as adequate justification for their indications and contraindications in the case of patients. All scientific research referred to, reported or used in CME in support or justification of a patient care recommendations conforms to the generally accepted standards of experimental design, data collection and analysis. Activities that promote recommendations, treatment or manners of practicing medicine not within the definition of CME or are knowing to have risks or dangers that outweigh the benefits or are knowing to be ineffective in the treatment of patients do not constitute valid CME.</p><p><br></p> MDS Education <p><strong>FACULTY</strong></p><p>Drew Kern, MD, MS - University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA</p><p><br></p><p><strong>LEARNING OBJECTIVES</strong></p><p>Upon completion of this activity learners will be able to:</p><p>1. Demonstrate the adjustment of stimulation parameters.  </p><p>2. Identify and minimize common adverse effects by optimizing the parameters. </p><p>3. Implement troubleshooting strategies to address suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. </p><p>4. Use of neurophysiology-based and image guided programming in DBS.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>ABOUT THE ESSENTIALS OF DEVICE ASSISTED THERAPIES SERIES</strong></p><p>The MDS Essentials of Device-Assisted Therapies in Parkinson's Disease Series is an online education program designed to focus on the main practical issues involved in therapeutic treatments of Parkinson's Disease.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>INTENDED AUDIENCE</strong></p><p>This course is intended for students, residents, neurologists, neurosurgeons, specialist nurses, and other health professionals.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>HOW TO TRANSLATE THIS MODULE</strong></p><p>For step-by-step guidance on how to translate this module using the Google Chrome web browser, please watch the video below:</p><p><br></p><p><span class="fr-video fr-dvb fr-draggable" contenteditable="false" draggable="false"> <video class="fr-draggable fr-fvc fr-dvi" controls="" height="300" width="533"><source src="https://d1t84l7yt030ad.cloudfront.net/FroalaFiles/How To Translate - DAMT_15092025053301.mp4" type="video/mp4"> Your browser does not support HTML5 video.</video> </span></p><p><br></p><p><strong>HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS</strong></p><p>1. Active Internet connection (DSL or Cable). Dial-up connection will have constant buffering problem.</p><p>2. Compatible with Windows PC and MAC (256 MB of RAM or higher)</p><p>3. Activity is best viewed on Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome.</p><p>4. Adobe Flash Player 12.0 (or higher).</p><p>5. Adobe Reader to print certificate.</p> 0 /Courses/Essentials-of-Device-Assisted-Therapies-in-Parkinsons-Disease-Programming-a-patient-with-DBS---Conventional-STN-and-GPI-Neurophysiology-guided-and-Imaging-guided-programming.htm Essentials of Device-Assisted Therapies in Parkinson's Disease: Programming a patient with DBS - Conventional STN and GPI, Neurophysiology guided, and Imaging guided programming 2025-09-18T12:01:08.647 0 0 Foundational / Beginner Parkinson Disease/Hypokinetic Movement Disorders Therapies-Surgical On-Demand 
Other Educational Resources
Get More Clinical Support

Join MDS
Members gain access to case videos, peer-to-peer collaboration opportunities, discounted education, and a variety of specialized programs.

Attend the International Congress
Discover the latest in the field, and connect with leaders from around the globe.

 



 























